Spondylolisthesis refers to a slip of one vertebrae on another. This can occur either forwards (anterolisthesis) or backwards (retrolisthesis) and can be due to chronic, degenerative changes with age or in younger patients with a fracture (spondylolysis).

This forward slip of the vertebrae can cause narrowing of the space available for your nerves, resulting in compression and back and leg pain, as well as heaviness, numbness/tingling, and weakness of the legs.

Spondylolisthesis is diagnosed utilizing X-rays with multiple views and physical examination. Advanced imaging modalities, such as MRI or possibly CT scan may be necessary.

Treatment depends on symptom severity and duration of symptoms. Nonoperative care, including physical therapy to strengthen the muscles supporting the spine, anti-inflammatory medications, nerve medications, or injection therapy may be recommended. If nonoperative care does not provided adequate relief, surgical care may be recommended. This can involve spinal fusion to stabilize the bones and relieve pressure on the nerves.